Hollow fiber membrane bioreactors present a efficient platform for chemical applications. These reactors utilize loosely packed hollow fibers as the transmembrane element, offering significant surface area for interaction. The configuration of the fibers facilitates efficient flow of both feedstock and output. Applications of hollow fiber membrane

This study investigates the effectiveness of Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) membrane bioreactors with wastewater treatment. Several operational parameters, including membranepore size, hydraulic loading rate, and biomass content, were examined to determine their influence on the efficiency of the bioreactors. Results indicated that PVDF membrane bi